一、英语感叹句
What
How
如上面的人所说的。
What + n.(good news)
How + adj./adv.(unusual)
至于它们后面接的是什么词性,可以将句子转换为陈述句判断:
What good news you've just sent us !
——You've sent us (good news).
how unusual the information you've just sent us is! ——The imformation you've just sent us is (unusual).
此外,such 和so也可以表感叹,such+ n. so+ adj./adv.
如:You are such a beautiful girl.
You are so beautiful.
二、How is it going? 的同义句
1. How's it going? 是口语,表示问候对方,意思是“怎么样?/ 还好吗?”
2. 所以,其可以等同于:
How's it going?
= How are you?
= How are you doing?
= How is everything going?
= How is everything going with you?
= How are you going?
= How are things going with you?
希望能帮到你,祝更上一层楼O(∩_∩)O
三、英语感叹句的结构是怎样的?
感叹句是英语的一种句型,用来表示人的强烈感情。一般说来,感叹句是由 what 或 how 开头的,句末用感叹句,朗读时用降调。它有两个类型,六种句式。
一、用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时, what 为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。
1. What +a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!例如:
What a fine day it is! (多么好的天气啊!)
What an old building that is! (那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊!)
2. What + 形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!例如:
What good teachers they are! (他们是多么好的老师啊!)
What beautiful flowers these are! (这些是多么美丽的花啊!)
3. What + 形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!例如:
What thick ice we are having here! (我们这儿的冰多厚啊!)
What round bread it is! (这是一块多么圆的面包啊!)
二、用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式,此时, how 是副词,用作状语,修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。
4. How +形容词+主语+谓语!例如:
How hot it is today! (今天天气多热啊!)
How beautiful the flowers are! (这些花多么美丽啊!)
5. How +副词+主语+谓语!例如:
How hard he works! (他工作多么努力啊!)
How well she sings! (她歌唱得多好啊!)
6. How + 主语+谓语!例如:
How she dances! (她跳舞跳得多好啊!)
注意: what 和 how 引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如:
How cold ( it is ) ! What a good girl! What delicious fish
四、英语中的感叹句的用法
由what引导的感叹句
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:
1. What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
What an apple this is!
What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句
how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词.其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
注意:当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前.
How the runner runs!
what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变.如:
What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!
what a beautiful bulding it is!==How beautiful the building is!
在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略.如:
What a nice present!(省略it is)
How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)
用法
感叹句多以how或what引导,但在口语中,还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式.
1.以副词here, there, in开头的感叹句.
Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!
There they are! 他们在那儿呢!
2.以疑问词who开头,表示惊奇.
Who else will read such a book! 谁还会读这样的书!
3.以情态动词may开头,表示愿望.
May you both be happy! 祝二位幸福.
May you succeed! 祝你成功!
4.否定疑问句用作感叹句时,它的意义是肯定的;但肯定疑问句用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见.
Aren’t they sweet! 他们多可爱啊!
Am I hungry! 我饿极了!
5.一些短语用作感叹句.
Dear me! 哎呀! My goodness! 嗳呀!
None of your nonsense! 不要胡说了!
6.一些作表语的成分用作感叹句.
Just my luck! 又倒霉了!
Sorry, my mistake! 对不起,是我的错!
感叹句如何变为间接引语
直接引语是感叹句时,若要变作间接引语,通常用引述动词tell, exclaim等.如:
■ “What a brave boy you are!” she told him. “你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊!”她告诉他说.
→She told him what a brave boy he wag. 她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子.
■He said, “Hurrah! My friend is come.” 他说道,“乌拉!我的朋友来了.”
→He exclaimed with delight that his friend had come. 他欢呼他的朋友来了.(引述动词用exclaim, 并加状语with delight)
当然,也可用其他一些引述动词.如:
■He said, “Alas! How foolish I have been!” 他说道,“哎,我多傻啊!”
→He confessed with regret that he had been very foolish. 他痛悔地承认他太傻了.(引述动词用confess加状语with regret)
■“What a crime he has committed!” she said. “他犯了多大的罪啊!”她说道.
→She didn’t know what a crime he had committed. 她不知道他犯了那么大的罪.(引述动词用know的否定式)
有时也可以不用引述动词,如:
■“How fast she can run!” he says. “她竞能跑得那样快!”他说道.
→It’s incredible how fast she can run. 她跑得如此之快令人不可置信.(用it’s incredible表示说话人的神情)
■He said to them all, “Good-bye, my friends!” 他对他们说道,“再见,我的朋友们!”
→He bade good-bye to all his friends. 他向他的所有朋友道别.(这里连间接引语也没有了)
关于感叹句 what 和 how 的区别:
一、 由what引导的感叹句:what意为多么用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).
如: ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀!
二、由how引导的感叹句:how意为多么,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:
How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).
如:① How cold it is today!
今天多么冷呀!
三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用what引导,也可用how引导.如:
① What a hot day it is!
How hot the day is !
四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.
如:① What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀!
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